Rats were placed in an open field, administered vehicle or galnon (2, 5, or 10 mg/kg, i.p.), and injected with cocaine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) 20 min later. Shown are the mean ± SEM for (A) ambulatory distance across all time points, (B) AUC for ambulatory distance during the second half of post-cocaine time, (C) frequency of non-ambulatory movement across all time points, and (D) AUC for non-ambulatory movement during the second half of post-cocaine time. N = 46 (vehicle), 32 (galnon 2 mg/kg), 23 (galnon 5 mg/kg), and 5 (galnon 10 mg/kg). **p<0.01, *p<0.05 compared to vehicle. Hab, habituation (phase I). Gal, galnon (phase II). Coc, cocaine (phase III). Veh, vehicle.