Figure 4.

Forskolin administration reduces renal leukocyte infiltration after the infection. A: Representative images of immunohistochemical staining for Gr1 and F4/80 in the kidneys from control and forskolin-treated mice at 24 hours after infection. B: MPO activity in the kidney tissue from control and forskolin-treated mice at different time points after infection. C: Flow cytometric analysis of cellular infiltration in the kidneys from control and forskolin-treated mice at different time points after infection by gating CD45⁺, CD45⁺Gr-1⁺, and CD45⁺F4/80⁺ cells. The kidney tissue from uninfected mice was used to indicate a basal amount of renal inflammatory cells. Representative flow cytometric dot plot of CD45, Gr-1, and F4/80 expression in renal cell suspension prepared from the control-treated mice. Quantified numbers of CD45⁺, Gr-1⁺, and F4/80⁺ cells in the kidneys from control and forskolin-treated mice. D: Flow cytometric analysis of cellular infiltration in the kidneys from control and forskolin-treated mice at 24 hours after infection by gating CD45⁺Ly6G⁺ and CD45⁺Ly6G⁻CD11b⁺ cells. A diagram of gating strategy, quantified numbers of CD45⁺Ly6G⁺ and CD45⁺Ly6G⁻CD11b⁺ cells in the kidneys from control and forskolin-treated mice. Data are expressed as means ± SEM (B); horizontal lines represent the means of cell numbers (C and D). n = 5 to 7 mice per group at each time point (B); each dot represents a single animal (C and D). ^∗P < 0.05 compared with the control treatment, Student's t-test (B); ^∗P < 0.05, ^∗∗P < 0.01, ^∗∗∗P < 0.001 (C and D). Original magnification, ×100. Ctrl, control; Fsk, forskolin; MPO, myeloperoxidase; Normal, uninfected; SSC, side scatter.