Table 2.
Study Participants' Neuropsychological Performance at Baseline and Follow-up
| Measure | Control, n = 18 |
bvFTD, n = 23 | p, Baseline | p, Change | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline |
Change Over Time from Baseline |
Baseline |
Change Over Time from Baseline |
|||||||||
| Raw Score | SD | %/yr | 95% CI | Raw Score | SD | %/yr | 95% CI | |||||
| WASI | ||||||||||||
| VIQ | 122.1 | 9.4 | −2.6 | −6.2 | 1.0 | 87.3 | 22.1 | 0.1 | −5.0 | 5.3 | <0.001 | 0.96 |
| PIQ | 120.1 | 9.2 | −1.4 | −4.6 | 1.9 | 89.9 | 19.3 | 4.0 | −0.7 | 8.7 | <0.001 | 0.09 |
| Recognition memory test | ||||||||||||
| Words (/50) | 47.9 | 2.6 | 0.7 | −4.1 | 5.5 | 33.3 | 6.6 | 0.0 | −7.0 | 7.0 | <0.001 | 1.00 |
| Faces (/50) | 43.4 | 4.6 | 2.3 | −2.7 | 7.3 | 36.0 | 8.3 | −5.5 | −12.7 | 1.8 | <0.001 | 0.14 |
| Graded naming test (/30) | 26.4 | 2.2 | 2.0 | −9.2 | 13.2 | 11.6 | 8.5 | −30.4 | −47.2 | −13.6 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Graded arithmetic test (/24) | 14.7 | 4.5 | −3.1 | −11.6 | 5.4 | 13.0 | 6.4 | −8.9 | −21.0 | 3.1 | 0.24 | 0.15 |
| Visual object space perception (/20) | 19.1 | 1.0 | −2.3 | −11.0 | 6.3 | 16.0 | 3.8 | 6.0 | −6.6 | 18.5 | 0.002 | 0.35 |
| Executive function | ||||||||||||
| DKEFS color naming (max 90 seconds) | 30.2 | 3.2 | 0.9 | −7.0 | 8.8 | 42.3 | 20.3 | 5.4 | −6.0 | 16.8 | 0.01 | 0.35 |
| DKEFS ink color naming (max 180 seconds) | 55.7 | 11.6 | 0.1 | −6.3 | 6.5 | 88.8 | 37.6 | 8.1 | −1.1 | 17.3 | <0.001 | 0.08 |
| TASITa | ||||||||||||
| Emotion recognition (/14) | 11.4 | 1.2 | −1.2 | −10.7 | 8.4 | 8.0 | 1.9 | −3.7 | −17.3 | 9.9 | <0.001 | 0.59 |
| Social inference task (/36) | 32.1 | 2.9 | 2.0 | −3.9 | 7.9 | 22.5 | 4.8 | −5.1 | −13.4 | 3.3 | <0.001 | 0.23 |
Scores shown are raw scores for each test with maximum scores shown in parentheses. Probability values denote significance level comparing behavioral scores (raw score at baseline and change from baseline over time) of all bvFTD participants with control participants after adjustment for age, gender, and disease duration.
Total scores on the TASIT are scaled scores.
vFTD = behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia; CI = confidence interval; DKEFS = Delis–Kaplan Executive Frontal System; PIQ = performance intelligence quotient; SD = standard deviation; TASIT = Awareness of Social Inference Test; VIQ = verbal intelligence quotient; WASI = Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence.