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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Mar 15.
Published in final edited form as: Behav Brain Res. 2014 Dec 8;0:9–15. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.12.006

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Behavioral and fMRI task switching differences between older adult bilinguals and monolinguals. Older adult bilinguals showed smaller behavioral switch costs than their monolingual peers (A). Task switching (switch – nonswitch contrast) was associated with the activation of frontostriatal and frontoparietal regions, including left frontal activations seen here in the DLPFC and VLPFC (B). Older adult bilinguals showed lower task switching fMRI activation (i.e. lower neural switch costs) in several frontal regions, including the left DLPFC (C). Adapted from Gold et al. [51] with permission. *P < 0.05.

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