Table 1.
Acute mesenterico-portal thrombosis treated with local thrombolytic therapy.
| Author | Year | Etiology | Thrombus site | Access | Treatment | Complications | Outcome |
| Yankes JR | 1988 | Pancreatic cancer | Superior mesenteric vein (SMV) | Transhepatic | Urokinase for 4 h then angioplastic dilatation and systemic heparin | Laparotomy with ileal resection 2 wk after treatment | Thrombus resolution |
| Bilbao JI | 1989 | Splenectomy | Portal vein (PV) and SMV | Tranhepatic | Urokinase for 12 h then systemic heparin | None | Thrombus resolution |
| Demertzis S | 1994 | Non noted | PV and SMV | Mesenteric | Surgical thrombectomy, reintervention, local rTPA for 48 h then local heparin for 4 d | None | Thrombus resolution |
| Miyazaki Y | 1995 | Ulcerative colitis | PV and PV branches | Transhepatic | Systemic urokinase and local rTPA for 30’ then urokinase for 6 d | None | Thrombus resolution |
| Poplausky MR | 1996 | Gastric cancer | Portal and superior mesenteric vein | Arterial | Urokinase for 48 h with systemic heparin | None | Partial thrombus |
| Tsuijikawa T | 1996 | Crohn’s disease | PV, SMV and splenic vein (SV) | Arterial | rTPA 1 h and urokinase for 14 d and systemic heparin and serin-protease inhibitors | None | Thrombus resolution resolution |
| Ludwig DJ | 1999 | Protein S deficiency | PV, SMV, and SV | Arterial | Urokinase for 4 d and systemic heparin | None | Thrombus resolution |
| Sze DY | 2000 | Protein S deficiency | PV, right PV branch, SMV and SV | Arterial | Urokinasefor 16 h and sistemic heparin | GI bleeding, exploratory laparotomy and jejunum resection | Thrombus resolution after transjugular mechanical thrombolysis |
| Antoch G1 | 2001 | Protein C deficiency (n = 1) | PV and SMV | Arterial | Urokinase for 8 d then systemic heparin | Bleeding at the catheter site after 5 d of therapy in one case | Thrombus resolution (?) |
| Tateishi A | 2001 | Down syndrome and protein S deficiency | Pv, SMV and SV | Arterial | Systemic thrombolysis, with heparin sc, than local urokinase for 11 d | Evolution to portal cavernoma | Reduction of the thrombus |
| Aytekin C | 2001 | Chronic Pancreatitis | Partial PV | Transhepatic | 4 cycles of systemic thrombolysis, then local thrombolysis with urokinase | None | Thrombus resolution |
| Kercher KW | 2002 | Splenectomy | PV, PV branches, SMV and SV | Transjugular | Local thrombolysis: mechanical attempt followed by urokinase for 45 h, then systemic heparin | Epistaxis and hematuria | Persistent thrombus in the right PV branch and PV partial occlusion |
(13 cases).