Figure 4. Biological effects of RSLV treatment of Arabidopsis.

(a), After the indicated RSLV treatment or heat treatment at 38°C, expression of HSP101 and HSP17.6 proteins was detected by western blot analysis. Rubisco was stained using Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 as a loading control. These images are cropped from original images shown in Supplementary Fig. S11. (b), The 2.5-day-old dark-grown seedlings (Before) were pretreated at 38°C for 90 min to acquire thermotolerance (AT) or 10 μM indicated RSLVs or solvent control (MeCN) for 2 h and then heat-stressed at 45°C for 2 h. Seedling were returned to 23°C in the dark and length was measured after 2.5 days. Length of seedlings before treatment was set to 100%, and elongation of each treatment was calculated. Schemes of treatment are shown above the graph. (c), Survival enhancement was calculated by survival rate determined on 3 days after treatments with same scheme as shown in panel (b). Left; Representative photographs of Arabidopsis plants on 7 days after heat stress treatments. Right; Survival enhancement by RSLV treatment calculated from 3 independent assays. Survival rate of 45°C sample was set to 100%. Values followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Tukey-Kramer (n = 4 or 5; P < 0.05).