Table 1.
Selected child and household sociodemographic and health characteristics stratified by residential proximity to traffic (n = 287).
| Characteristics | Residential proximity to traffic | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| <100 m (n = 126) | 100–199 m (n = 91) | ≥200 m (n = 70) | |
| Mean ± S.D. | Mean ± S.D. | Mean ± S.D. | |
| Number (%) | Number (%) | Number (%) | |
| Child and household sociodemographic characteristics | |||
| Child age (yrs) | 9.0 ± 1.5 | 9.0 ± 1.5 | 8.8 ± 1.3 |
| Child gender (male) | 58 (46.0) | 41 (45.1) | 30 (42.9) |
| Child ethnicity (mestizo) | 119 (94.4) | 87 (95.6) | 70 (100.0) |
| Household size (number of members) | 5.1 ± 1.6 | 5.1 ± 2.0 | 4.9 ± 1.6 |
| Monthly household per capita income (US$) | 83.0 ± 49 | 87.0 ± 53 | 80.0 ± 49 |
| Child lives in single parent home | 20 (15.9) | 12 (13.2) | 14 (20.0) |
| Mother's education (years completed) | 8.5 ± 4 | 7.5 ± 3 | 7.3 ± 3 |
| Paternal education (years completed) | 9.3 ± 3 | 8.2 ± 3 | 7.8 ± 3 |
|
| |||
| Child nutrition and health characteristics | |||
| Underweight for age-and-sex | 11 (8.7) | 6 (6.6) | 2 (2.9) |
| Normal weight for age-and-sex | 93 (73.8) | 69 (75.8) | 43 (61.4) |
| Overweight/obese | 22 (17.5) | 16 (17.6) | 25 (35.7)* |
| Midupper arm circumference (cm) | 19 ± 2.2 | 19 ± 2.3 | 19 ± 2.6 |
| Blood pressure | |||
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 93 ± 8 | 93 ± 8 | 93 ± 8 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 65 ± 6 | 65 ± 6 | 64 ± 6 |
| Mean arterial pressure | 74 ± 6 | 74 ± 6 | 74 ± 5 |
| Fasting blood lipid profile | |||
| Total blood cholesterol (mg/dL) | 175 ± 28 | 169 ± 28 | 180 ± 35 |
| Low-density lipoprotein (mg/dL) | 94 ± 21 | 90 ± 21 | 96 ± 25 |
| High-density lipoprotein (mg/dL) | 58 ± 12 | 56 ± 13 | 56 ± 13 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 81 ± 34 | 87 ± 74 | 91 ± 43 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 88 ± 10 | 86 ± 9 | 87 ± 9 |
| High sensitivity C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 1.1 ± 2.0 | 2.8 ± 7.8 | 1.7 ± 4.5 |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/L) | 7.3 ± 4.9 | 6.0 ± 3.6 | 6.3 ± 4.7 |
|
| |||
| Family health history | |||
| Heart attack or stroke | 19 (15.1) | 18 (19.8) | 10 (14.3) |
| Hypertension | 39 (30.2) | 21 (23.1) | 14 (20.0) |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 20 (15.9) | 10 (11.0) | 13 (18.6) |
| Type 2 diabetes | 28 (22.2) | 18 (19.8) | 12 (17.1) |
* P = 0.04.