Figure 1.

Phage output number: 10 μL of the phage output was diluted in sterile LB medium from each panning cycle and mixed with 100 μL of E. coli TG1 cells with OD₆₀₀ = 0.3. The mixture was incubated for 15 min at 37 °C without shaking and then plated on a LB plate with ampicillin (100 μg/mL). The number of colonies was counted the next day.