Table II.

LIPS for antibody detection of infectious agents

Disease/infection	Examples of important findings made by LIPS
Strongyloides stercoralis	•LIPS showed improved serologic test compared with ELISA for S. stercoralis 35, 36 •Demonstrated utility of evaluating antibody responses for monitoring therapy of S. stercoralis 35
Onchocerca volvulus	•Improved serologic testing compared with ELISA for Onchocerciasis 31
Loa loa	•Improved serologic testing compared with ELISA for L. loa infection7 •Developed high-performance rapid test for L. loa antibodies7
EBV	•Discovered a unique antibody profile in patients with chronic active EBV49 •Demonstrated anti-gp350 EBV antibodies detected by LIPS correlated with neutralizing anti-EBV antibodies41
HIV	•Evaluated antibodies against the HIV proteome using defined recombinant proteins42 •Discovered unique antibody signature in subset of elite HIV controllers51 •Obtained evidence for near absence of anti-HIV antibodies in the first person cured, the Berlin patient53 •Distinguished patients with HIV from blood donor controls based on broad antibody profiles against multiple common infectious agents61
HTLV-1	•Analyzed antibodies to full HTLV-1 proteome and discovered high levels of anti-envelope antibodies in patients with HTLV-I–associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis compared with asymptomatic or patients with associated lymphoma48, 52
HCV	•Identified an antibody profile that correlated with response to treatment in patients infected with HCV-HIV43
Wuchereria bancrofti	•From screening 16 W. bancrofti proteins for antibodies, identified Wb123 as an early and specific marker for infection45, 64
KSHV	•Identified v-cyclin as a new robust serologic marker for KSHV infection30 •Found increased antibody responses against lytic vs latent viral proteins in multicentric Castlemen's disease compared with patients with Kaposi's sarcoma50
NPHV	•LIPS screening of different animals identified a novel NPHV in horses58
MERS	•Provided serologic evidence that camels have harbored MERS for more than 20 y60

Abbreviations: EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HTLV, human T-lymphotropic virus; LIPS, luciferase immunoprecipitation system; MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome; NPHV, nonprimate HCV-like virus.