Table 1.

Participant Characteristics for Study Population

Characteristic at Baseline Exam	Participants with AMD Data (n=4910)	Participants without AMD Data (n=854)	p-value*
Mean Age in years	76.4 (5.5)	80.5 (6.7)	< 0.01
Male	43.1% (2116)	37.7% (322)	< 0.01
Education Level, Completed Secondary or More	76.9% (3746)	69.8% (321)	0.02
Marital Status, Married or Living Together	60.2% (2934)	51.7% (238)	0.12
Physical Activity, Moderate or Greater Frequency	32.5% (1474)	27.1% (118)	0.11
Former Smoker	44.9% (2204)	32.2% (214)	< 0.01
Current Smoker	12.1% (593)	13.5% (90)	< 0.01
Current Alcohol Consumption	65.2% (3180)	54.4% (360)	< 0.01
Hypertension	80.9% (3970)	82.7% (667)	0.31
Mean DBP, mmHG	74.0 (9.7)	72.5 (10.6)	0.46
Mean SBP, mmHG	142.4 (20.2)	142.6 (24.1)	0.06
Mean BMI	27.0 (4.4)	27.0 (4.8)	0.07
Self-Reported Health Status, Poor	5.5% (269)	14.2% (112)	< 0.01
Depressive Symptomology	7.0% (325)	15.2% (112)	< 0.01
Cognitive Status, Impaired	14.3% (693)	38.2% (250)	< 0.01
Walking Disability	17.6% (861)	40.7% (270)	< 0.01
Self-Reported History of Falls	17.8% (873)	23.3% (184)	0.03
Cod Liver Oil Use	57.7% (2835)	44.7% (382)	< 0.01
Mean Number of Medications	4.1 (2.9)	5.3 (3.9)	< 0.01
Aspirin Use	34.6% (1697)	37.4% (319)	0.44
Mean High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, mmol/L	1.6 (0.4)	1.6 (0.5)	< 0.01
Mean Total Cholesterol, mmol/L	5.6 (1.2)	5.7 (1.2)	0.81
Diabetes	11.7% (572)	20.7% (177)	< 0.01
HbA1c ≥ 6.5%	5.1% (233)	7.5% (57)	< 0.01
Microalbuminuria	8.7% (422)	9.8% (46)	0.76
Chronic Kidney Disease	30.7% (1505)	37.5% (319)	0.84
History of Angina, by Self-Report	14.5% (696)	12.5% (73)	0.16
History of Cancer, by Self-Report	15.2% (744)	17.1% (135)	0.61
History of Cardiovascular Disease, by Self-Report	23.5% (1153)	26.8% (212)	0.21
Record of Clinical Cardiovascular Event	15.5% (751)	15.2% (128)	0.83

Data are presented as % (N) or mean (standard deviation);

^*Adjusted for age and sex.