Table 2.
Number of Enterococcaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Lactobaillus and SFB in mucosa of jejunum and ileum of rats treated with indomethacin, rebamipide and ampicillin
| Animal | Number of bacterial DNA (Log number/g mucosa) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group (number) | Jejunum: proximal | Jejunum: mid | Jejunum: distal | Ileum |
| Normal (6) | ||||
| Enterococcaceae | 3.7 ± 0.2 (6) | 2.8 ± 0.06 (6) | 3.8 ± 0.03 (6) | 4.2 ± 0.13 (6) |
| Enterobacteriaceae | 7.12 ± 0.01 (5) | 5.74 ± 0.04 (6) | 6.62 ± 0.06 (5) | 6.65 ± 0.09 (6) |
| Lactobacillus sp. | 4.07 ± 0.08 (6) | 4.67 ± 0.12 (5) | 7.73 ± 0.05 (6) | 7.87 ± 0.03 (6) |
| SFB | 2.59 ± 0.11 (5) | 3.14 ± 0.23 (6) | 6.15 ± 0.18 (6) | 6.55 ± 0.13 (6) |
| Control (10) | ||||
| Enterococcaceae | 3.9 ± 0.08 (10) | 4.0 ± 0.17 (10)** | 4.2 ± 0.04 (10)* | 4.2 ± 0.10 (10) |
| Enterobacteriaceae | 7.13 ± 0.02 (8) | 6.79 ± 0.13 (10)** | 6.81 ± 0.22 (10) | 6.46 ± 0.15 (10) |
| Lactobacillus sp. | 4.50 ± 0.20 (10) | 4.98 ± 0.34 (9) | 7.92 ± 0.06 (10) | 7.89 ± 0.10 (10) |
| SFB | 2.90 ± 0.13 (5) | ND (0) | 4.94 ± 0.10 (10)** | 6.00 ± 0.18 (10) |
| Rebamipide 30 mg/kg (10) | ||||
| Enterococcaceae | 3.7 ± 0.09 (10) | 3.4 ± 0.16 (10)# | 4.3 ± 0.11 (8) | 4.3 ± 0.07 (10) |
| Enterobacteriaceae | 7.08 ± 0.03 (9) | 6.35 ± 0.17 (9)# | 6.84 ± 0.08 (10) | 7.03 ± 0.08 (10) |
| Lactobacillus sp. | 4.73 ± 0.26 (9) | 5.17 ± 0.15 (10) | 7.90 ± 0.10 (10) | 7.88 ± 0.08 (10) |
| SFB | 3.21 ± 0.25 (7) | 3.32 ± 0.24 (3) | 5.42 ± 0.14 (10) | 6.32 ± 0.28 (10) |
| Rebamipide 100 mg/kg (10) | ||||
| Enterococcaceae | 3.3 ± 0.08 (9)## | 2.9 ± 0.11 (10)## | 4.1 ± 0.12 (8) | 4.4 ± 0.06 (10) |
| Enterobacteriaceae | 6.99 ± 0.03 (9)## | 5.92 ± 0.12 (9)## | 6.82 ± 0.04 (10) | 6.61 ± 0.31 (10) |
| Lactobacillus sp. | 3.83 ± 0.14 (9)# | 5.14 ± 0.16 (10) | 8.12 ± 0.10 (10) | 8.06 ± 0.04 (10) |
| SFB | 2.56 ± 0.10 (7) | 2.98 ± 0.35 (3) | 5.27 ± 0.09 (10) | 6.08 ± 0.40 (10) |
| Ampicillin 800 mg/kg (10) | ||||
| Enterococcaceae | 3.2 ± 0.05 (9)$$ | 3.2 ± 0.11 (10)$$ | 3.8 ± 0.05 (10)$$ | 4.2 ± 0.03 (9) |
| Enterobacteriaceae | 6.92 ± 0.01 (8)$$ | 5.86 ± 0.08 (10)$$ | 6.65 ± 0.04 (10) | 7.10 ± 0.13 (10)$ |
| Lactobacillus sp. | 2.29 ± 0.16 (2) | 1.92 (1) | 3.82 ± 0.25 (10) | 4.49 ± 0.45 (10)$$ |
| SFB | 3.11 ± 0.09 (10)$$ | 4.68 ± 0.10 (10) | 7.57 ± 0.07 (9)$$ | 7.71 ± 0.04 (10) |
Bacterial numbers in small intestinal mucosal samples were calculated by comparing the PCR kinetics of target genes in the sample with standard curves made by amplifying serial dilutions of a known quantity of amplicon. The data are expressed as the mean ± SEM from 10 rats except the Normal group as 6 rats. When the number of bacterial was below the detection limit, the data was handled as missing value. SFB, short fragmented bacteria; ND, not detected. *p<0.05, **p<0.01 Normal vs Control (0.5% CMC-treated). #p<0.05, ##p<0.01 Control vs Rebamipide groups. $p<0.05, $$p<0.01 Control vs Ampicillin.