Table 2.
Factors associated with catastrophic health expenditure occurrence
| Variables | Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Sex of head of household | ||||
| Male | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| Female | 1.825 | (1.354–2.459) | 0.495 | (0.340–0.721) |
| Age of head of household | ||||
| 20–39 | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| 40–59 | 0.286 | (0.200–0.408) | 0.667 | (0.453–0.982) |
| 60–79 | 1.989 | (1.495–2.645) | 1.062 | (0.749–1.507) |
| Economic level of household | ||||
| Third quintile | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| Second quintile | 4.143 | (1.392-12.332) | 1.555 | (1.540-1.570) |
| First quintile | 65.064 | (24.167-175.164) | 16.375 | (16.322-16.429) |
| Education level of head of household | ||||
| Greater than college | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| Less than elementary school | 6.237 | (4.182–9.300) | 0.808 | (0.501–1.304) |
| Middle school | 3.622 | (2.256–5.815) | 0.796 | (0.470–1.348) |
| High school | 1.595 | (1.020–2.494) | 0.734 | (0.452–1.191) |
| Head of household’s job type | ||||
| Regular employee | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| Temporary employee | 1.488 | (1.028–2.155) | 0.842 | (0.564–1.259)) |
| Employer/owner operator | 2.066 | (1.548–2.759) | 0.975 | (0.705–1.348) |
| Unpaid family worker | 1.507 | (0.361–6.293) | 0.552 | (0.126–2.411) |
| Household composition | ||||
| Adult household (15–64 years old) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| Senior citizen who lives alone | 5.677 | (3.598–8.957) | 1.720 | (0.955–3.098) |
| Elderly household | 11.750 | (5.793–23.836) | 2.775 | (1.238–6.219) |
| Type of medical insurance | ||||
| Self-employed or employees | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| Medical aid beneficiaries | 1.198 | (0.690–2.078) | 0.283 | (0.160–0.502) |
| Uninsured, self-pay | 1.383 | (0.503–3.806) | 0.494 | (0.165–1.476) |
| Chronic disease present in household? | ||||
| No | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| Yes | 14.223 | (6.316–32.030) | 7.524 | (3.285–17.233) |