Table 1.
Neuropsychological assessment scores before the rehabilitation program and six months and one year (tests with an asterisk) after surgery.
Neuropsychological assessment | Neuropsychological tests and scores | Norm comparisons |
---|---|---|
Long-term verbal memory | ||
Grober and Buschke test | Immediate recall in encoding phase = 15/16 | 25th centilea |
Third recall = 7/16 | − 2.29 SDb | |
Third cued recall = 15/16 | 5th–25th centile | |
Recognition = 15/16 | ||
Delayed recall = 7/16 | − 2.50 SD | |
Total recall after a delay = 13/16 | 1st–5th centile | |
ESR test* | Immediate recall list 1 (superficial encoding) = 3/16 | − 1.29 SD |
Recognition list 1 = 10/16 | − 5.37 SD | |
Immediate recall list 2 (profound encoding) = 5/16 | − 3.15 SD | |
Recognition list 2 = 16/16 | ||
Recall after a delay (2 weeks) list 1 = 0/16 | − 1.13 SD | |
Recognition list 1 = 6/16 | ||
Recall after a delay (2 weeks) list 2 = 0/16 | − 1.82 SD | |
Recognition list 2 = 6/16 | − 4.54 SD | |
Associative learning words — MEM III | Immediate verbal paired associates = 8/32 | 7c |
Verbal paired associates after a delay = 3/32 | 8 | |
Story recall — BEM | Immediate recall = 8.5/12 | − 0.32 SD |
Delayed recall = 8.5/12 | − 0.03 SD | |
Verbal working memory — WAIS III | Digit forward = 6 digits | − 0.15 SD |
Digit backward = 5 digits | 0.29 SD | |
Long-term nonverbal memory | ||
Doors test | (A) = 11/12 | 50th centile |
(B) = 11/12 | > 90th centile | |
Warrington recognition test for faces* | 16/18 | > 95th centile |
Figure recall — BEM | Immediate recall = 10/12 | 0.72 SD |
Delay recall = 10/12 | 1.09 SD | |
Rey figure | 3-minute recall = 22/36 | 78th centile |
Visual reproduction — MEM III* | Immediate recall = 98/104 | 18 |
Recognition = 47/48 | 13 | |
Copy = 101/104 | 15 | |
Executive functions | ||
Stroop | Interference = 117 s | − 0.03 SD |
Interference vs. naming = 48 s | − 0.27 SD | |
TMT | B = 86 s | − 0.08 SD |
B–A = 67 s | 0.6 SD | |
D2 | GZ = 312 | 8th centile |
Language | ||
Verbal fluency | Phonological fluency = 22 words | 0.18 SD |
Semantic fluency = 26 words | − 0.78 SD | |
DO 80 | 80/80 |
Pathological performance if < 5th centile.
SD = standard deviation. Pathological performance if SD < 1.6.
Mean = 10, SD = 3. Pathological performance if < 5th centile.