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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 31.
Published in final edited form as: BJOG. 2014 Aug 4;122(3):288–293. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.12966

Table 2.

Duration first stage of labor

Study CSE Epidural P-value
Tsen, 1999 3.8 ± 2.6 5.1 ± 2.6 P <0.05
Norris, 2001 10.0 9.8 NS
Cortes, 2007 1.5 1.55 0.90
Frigo, 2011 4.01 ± 1.43 4.60 ± 1.39 0.043

Reported in hours (mean ± SD). CSE=combined spinal-epidural; NS=not significant.