Table 3.
Results from a series of multivariable general linear and logistic models assessing if race/ethnicity, parent education, and discrimination predict depressive symptoms
| Outcome = CESD Scores | Outcome = High Depressive Symptoms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 Beta (SE) |
Model 2 Beta (SE) |
Model 3 Beta (SE) |
Model 1 OR (95% CI) |
Model 2 OR (95% CI) |
Model 3 OR (95% CI) |
|
| Whole Sample (N=545) | ||||||
| Black Race/ethnicity | 0.35 (0.89) | −2.45 (0.91)** | −2.22 (0.86)** | 1.19 (0.77 – 1.83) | 0.69 (0.43 – 1.12) | 0.72 (0.44–1.16) |
| Highest Parent Education | ||||||
| High School, GED, or Less | 5.97 (1.53)*** | 5.49 (1.50)*** | 5.48 (1.45)*** | 2.76 (1.32–5.76)*** | 2.58 (1.22–5.45)** | 3.08 (1..43–6.65)** |
| Some College | 3.78 (1.32)** | 3.85 (1.26)** | 3.80 (1.18)** | 1.92 (0.97–3.81) | 2.00 (1.01–3.99)* | 2.33 (1.16–4.67)** |
| College Graduate | 2.98 (1.18)** | 2.78 (1.13)** | 2.48 (1.10)* | 1.54 (0.84–2.81) | 1.49 (0.81–2.74) | 1.55 (0.83–2.90) |
| Discrimination (quintiles) | 1.95 (0.29)*** | 1.59 (0.29)*** | 1.50 (1.28–1.77)*** | 1.45 (1.24–1.71)*** | ||
| CESD in Adolescence | 0.31 (0.04)*** | 3.11 (1.77–5.46)*** | ||||
| Blacks (N=249) | ||||||
| Highest Parent Education | ||||||
| High school, GED, or less | 7.03 (2.65)** | 8.59 (2.53)*** | 9.61 (2.36)*** | 3.97 (1.03–15.23)* | 5.73 (1.44–22.72)** | 8.40 (1.98–35.59)** |
| Some college | 4.39 (2.36) | 6.38 (2.31)** | 7.31 (2.09)*** | 2.72 (0.75–9.91) | 4.26 (1.12–16.23)* | 6.44 (1.64–25.22)** |
| College graduate | 3.89 (2.19) | 1.87 (2.09)* | 4.75 (1.90)** | 2.56 (0.76–8.64) | 3.31 (0.97–11.30) | 4.13 (1.18–14.42)* |
| Discrimination (quintiles) | 2.15 (0.45)*** | 2.25 (0.54)*** | 1.54 (1.19–1.99)*** | 1.61 (1.19–2.16)** | ||
| CESD in Adolescence | 0.33 (0.07)*** | 3.50 (1.42–8.62)** | ||||
| Whites (N=296) | ||||||
| Highest Parent Education | ||||||
| High school, GED, or less | 4.67 (2.05)* | 3.43 (2.09) | 3.11 (1.97) | 2.28 (0.84–6.18) | 1.74 (0.62–4.88) | 2.03 (0.73–5.64) |
| Some college | 3.70 (1.63)* | 3.15 (1.56) | 3.04 (1.48) | 1.81 (0.78–4.21) | 1.62 (0.70–3.75) | 1.84 (0.79–4.26) |
| College graduate | 2.01 (1.43) | 1.93 (1.37) | 1.84 (1.33) | 1.08 (0.51–2.26) | 1.00 (0.47–2.13) | 1.06 (0.49–2.30) |
| Discrimination (quintiles) | 1.79 (0.41)*** | 1.50 (0.39)*** | 1.50 (1.20–1.87)*** | 1.45 (1.16–1.81)*** | ||
| CESD in Adolescence | 0.29 (0.06)*** | 2.99 (1.34–6.69)*** | ||||
Note. CESD, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; SE, standard error; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. The reference category for highest parental education is professional degree. Models 1 and 2 additionally adjust for sex, age, and household income. Model 3 adjusts for sex, household income, baseline age, and length of follow up. CESD in adolescence is operationalized using baseline CESD scores for the CESD Score outcome model and baseline CESD dichotomized at ≥22 for males and ≥24 for females for the model predicting high depressive symptoms.
p≤.001;
p≤.01;
p≤.05.