Figure 10.

Error choice-related feedback signal in the post-choice period significantly affects the upcoming choice-related signals in the PRC. A, Representative examples of the spike density plots of the correct-up cells (left) and error-up cells (right) in the PRC. The correct-up cells exhibited an elevated firing response when correct choices were made compared with when errors were made, whereas the opposite was true for the error-up cells. B, Representative ROC curves for the two types of outcome-selective neurons (correct-up and error-up cells). ROC curves were generated based on the firing-rate distributions associated with the choice responses (choices for the left and right discs). Each point of the ROC curve indicates the probability of neuronal spiking activity in a given trial being correctly assigned to one of the choice distributions (“hits”) versus incorrectly assigned (“false alarms”). For the correct-up cells, the AUCs of the ROC curves were similar regardless of the presence of the neuronal feedback received from the previous trial. By contrast, the AUC of the error-up cells was higher when feedback was received from the previous trial. C, The RPI was obtained for each outcome-selective neuron by averaging across the bootstrapped AUCs (1000 iterations). In the correct-up cells, the RPI was similar regardless of whether the choice in the previous trial was correct (PreT-correct) or incorrect (PreT-error). In the error-up neurons, the RPI was higher in trials for which the previous choices resulted in errors (PreT-error). *p < 0.05.