Neural correlates of likelihood uncertainty. Whole-brain results (z > 2.6, familywise error-corrected p < 0.05 using Gaussian random field theory) showing regions that significantly correlated with likelihood uncertainty (σL, in yellow), the interaction between likelihood uncertainty and the mean of the likelihood function (μL, frequency of reward indicated in the current sensory information), μL × σL (in blue), and the interaction between σL and the mean of the prior distribution (μπ), μπ × σL (in green). The occipital cortex correlated with both σL and μL × σL. The ventral striatum correlated with both σL and μπ × σL.