Table 1.
Demographic data and prevalence of BZDs and Z-drugs use among patients with HIV and the control group.
| Patients with HIV (n = 1081) |
Controls (n = 1081) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at HIV infection/enrollment (years, SD) | 33.41 (13.81) | 33.41 (13.81) | |
| Sex (male, %) | 787 (72.8) | 787 (72.8) | |
| Duration of infection (years, SD) | 6.63 (4.09) | — | |
| Any use of BZDs and Z-drug (n, %) | 826 (76.4) | 417 (38.6) | <0.001 |
| Nonuser | 255 (23.6) | 664 (61.4) | |
| BZDs alone user | 415 (38.4) | 227 (21.0) | |
| Z-drugs alone user | 21 (1.9) | 25 (2.3) | |
| Combination user | 390 (36.1) | 165 (15.3) | |
| cDDD of BZDs and Z-drug (SD, n, %) | 376.15 (1137.35) | 140.25 (955.57) | <0.001 |
| <180 | 751 (69.5) | 921 (85.2) | |
| ≧180 | 330 (30.5) | 160 (14.8) | |
| Psychiatric comorbidities (n, %) | |||
| Any mood disorder | 140 (13.0) | 121 (11.2) | 0.235 |
| Any anxiety disorder | 155 (13.4) | 121 (11.2) | 0.033 |
| Alcohol use disorder | 9 (0.8) | 8 (0.7) | >0.999 |
| Substance use disorder | 110 (10.2) | 107 (9.9) | 0.886 |
| Insomnia | 191 (17.7) | 167 (15.4) | 0.183 |
| Level of urbanization (n, %) | 0.963 | ||
| 1 (most urbanized) | 385 (35.6) | 399 (36.9) | |
| 2 | 324 (30.0) | 321 (29.7) | |
| 3 | 185 (17.1) | 174 (16.1) | |
| 4 | 120 (11.1) | 120 (11.1) | |
| 5 (most rural) | 67 (6.2) | 67 (6.2) | |
| Income-related insured amount | 0.010 | ||
| ≤15,840 NTD/month | 457 (42.3) | 388 (35.9) | |
| 15,841~25,000 NTD/month | 332 (30.7) | 370 (34.2) | |
| ≥25,001 NTD/month | 292 (27.0) | 323 (29.9) |
SD: standard deviation; NTD: New Taiwan Dollar; cDDD: cumulative defined daily dose.