Table 1.

Characteristics of All Elective PCIs With Defined HRNCS Status in the BMC2 Cohort, 2002–2009

	Pre‐HRNCS PCI (n=2570)	Nonpreoperative PCI (n=58 243)	P Value
Age, y, SD	67.3 (10.8)	64.9 (11.3)	<0.0001
Female, %	39.0	33.2	<0.0001
White, %	77.0	79.4	0.004
African American, %	6.9	8.1	0.03
Current tobacco use, %	21.8	19.4	0.002
History of hypertension, %	86.4	84.6	0.01
Diabetes mellitus, %	42.0	35.6	<0.0001
History of atrial fibrillation, %	7.5	7.3	0.64
Prior myocardial infarction, %	29.9	36.5	<0.0001
History of congestive heart failure, %	12.2	12.5	0.64
Extracardiac vascular disease, %	43.2	24.6	<0.0001
Significant valve disease, %	5.9	3.9	<0.0001
History of cardiac arrest, %	0.7	1.0	0.1
History of percutaneous coronary intervention, %	33.4	51.2	<0.0001
History of coronary artery bypass graft surgery, %	18.3	21.2	0.0004
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, %	19.1	15.4	<0.0001
History of gastrointestinal bleeding, %	1.4	0.9	0.006
Baseline creatinine, mg/dL, SD	1.62 (1.9)	1.15 (0.9)	<0.0001
Renal failure and dialysis, %	8.3	1.3	<0.0001
Baseline hemoglobin, g/dL, SD	13.4 (1.8)	13.7 (1.7)	<0.0001
Ejection fraction, SD	54.5 (10.9)	54.2 (10.6)	0.16
Total contrast, mL, SD	218 (99)	209 (91)	<0.0001
Total fluoroscopy time, min, SD	16.1 (12.8)	15.1 (11.9)	<0.0001
Left main stenosis >70%	3.0	3.7	0.05
Restenotic lesion, %	6.0	9.2	<0.0001
Thrombus, %	2.5	3.1	0.01
Calcification, %	24.4	20.3	<0.0001
3‐Vessel disease, %	19.1	19.0	0.88
2 Lesions, %	23.5	22.9	0.48
≥3 Lesions, %	6.0	5.9	0.83
PCI for 1 vessel, %	86.3	88.0	0.01
PCI for 2 vessels, %	12.8	11.3	0.02
PCI for ≥3 vessels, %	0.8	0.7	0.62

BMC2 indicates Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium; HRNCS, high‐risk noncardiac surgery; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.