Table 2.
Cross‐sectional Correlates of Baseline Resting Heart Rate
| Multivariable‐Adjusted Model* | ||
|---|---|---|
| Estimate (SE) | P Value | |
| Age, per 14 y | 0.16 (0.02) | <0.0001 |
| Female sex | 5.16 (0.38) | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, per 20 mm Hg | −0.54 (0.27) | 0.046 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, per 10 mm Hg | 2.12 (0.24) | <0.0001 |
| Body mass index, per 5 kg/m2 | 0.65 (0.20) | 0.001 |
| Antihypertensive treatment | 1.56 (0.52) | 0.003 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 6.59 (0.82) | <0.0001 |
| Current smoker | 3.38 (0.40) | <0.0001 |
| Left ventricular hypertrophy | −0.33 (1.43) | 0.82 |
| Valvular heart disease | 5.80 (1.28) | <0.0001 |
| Physical activity index, per 7 units | −0.56 (0.17) | 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, per 39 mg/dL | 0.27 (0.17) | 0.12 |
| HDL cholesterol, per 15 mg/dL | −0.75 (0.19) | <0.0001 |
HDL indicates high‐density lipoprotein.
*
Multivariable model includes all covariates listed in table. Estimate represents change in baseline heart rate per 1‐SD change in continuous variables (as noted) or the presence vs absence of dichotomous variables.