Table 2.
Characteristics of SMART, ESPRIT, and SILCAAT Patients With and Without Fatal/Nonfatal CVD Events
| SMART | ESPRIT | SILCAAT | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No Event | Fatal CVD | Nonfatal CVD | No Event | Fatal CVD | Non‐Fatal CVD | No Event | Fatal CVD | Non‐Fatal CVD | |
| Baseline characteristics, n | 4697 | 32 | 86 | 3418 | 26 | 91 | 1361 | 16 | 37 |
| Age (y), median (IQR) | 43 (37 to 50) | 50 (47 to 54) | 50 (43 to 55) | 40 (35 to 46) | 44 (38 to 51) | 48 (41 to 54) | 40 (36 to 47) | 49 (43 to 58) | 47 (41 to 54) |
| Sex (% female) | 27 | 22 | 15 | 18 | 4 | 4 | 16 | 13 | 3 |
| Race (% black) | 29 | 41 | 34 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 5 |
| BMI, (kg/m2) median (IQR) | 25.0 (22.5 to 28.1) | 24.0 (21.8 to 30.1) | 25.7 (22.3 to 28.4) | 23.7 (21.9 to 25.9) | 24.4 (23.1 to 25.8) | 23.9 (22.0 to 26.0) | 23.8 (21.7 to 26.1) | 23.0 (21.3 to 26.9) | 23.5 (22.1 to 26.1) |
| BP‐lowering drug use, % | 17 | 47 | 37 | 5 | 0 | 10 | N/A | NA | NA |
| Lipid‐lowering drug use, % | 14 | 13 | 33 | 10 | 13 | 20 | N/A | NA | NA |
| Hepatitis B or C coinfected, % | 17 | 31 | 14 | 22 | 29 | 15 | N/A | NA | NA |
| CD4+ cell count, (cells/mm3) median (IQR) | 598 (467 to 794) | 649 (442 to 874) | 593 (450 to 838) | 453 (368 to 581) | 399 (341 to 516) | 470 (386 to 582) | 202 (150 to 255) | 200 (144 to 269) | 188 (131 to 249) |
| ART, % | 84 | 81 | 87 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Time since first ART, (y) median (IQR) | 6 (4 to 8) | 7 (5 to 9) | 6 (4 to 8) | 4 (2 to 6) | 5 (2 to 6) | 6 (4 to 8) | 4 (2 to 8) | 3 (1 to 6) | 5 (3 to 8) |
| Baseline HIV‐RNA <500 copies/mL, % | 72 | 72 | 72 | 81 | 69 | 81 | 82 | 88 | 78 |
| Earlier AIDS event, % | 24 | 41 | 34 | 27 | 58 | 23 | 32 | 6 | 32 |
| Diabetes, % | 6 | 13 | 21 | 2 | 8 | 6 | N/A | NA | NA |
| Smoker, % | 41 | 53 | 52 | N/A | NA | NA | N/A | NA | NA |
| Total/HDL cholesterol, (mmol/L) median (IQR) | 4.6 (3.6 to 5.9) | 4.1 (3.1 to 5.5) | 6.1 (4.2 to 8.1) | N/A | NA | NA | N/A | NA | NA |
| IL‐6, (pg/mL) median (IQR) | 1.7 (1.1 to 2.9) | 4.1 (2.0 to 6.5) | 2.6 (1.8 to 4.5) | 1.9 (1.3 to 2.7) | 2.7 (2.1 to 3.2) | 2.2 (1.5 to 3.1) | 1.80 (1.20 to 2.70) | 2.5 (1.6 to 3.6) | 1.9 (1.5 to 2.9) |
| D‐dimer, (μg/mL) median (IQR) | 0.20 (0.13 to 0.37) | 0.37 (0.21 to 0.72) | 0.27 (0.15 to 0.49) | 0.26 (0.19 to 0.37) | 0.33 (0.25 to 0.48) | 0.28 (0.19 to 0.42) | 0.25 (0.17 to 0.36) | 0.42 (0.30 to 0.70) | 0.27 (0.18 to 0.42) |
| hsCRP, (μg/mL) median (IQR) | 1.7 (0.7 to 4.0) | 5.9 (1.3 to 8.9) | 2.6 (1.4 to 6.7) | 1.5 (0.7 to 3.2) | 2.4 (1.0 to 3.7) | 1.7 (1.0 to 4.2) | 1.4 (0.6 to 3.3) | 3.5 (2.3 to 5.0) | 2.3 (1.0 to 4.6) |
| IL‐6 and D‐dimer score, median (IQR) | −0.12 (−0.81 to 0.64) | 1.17 (0.16 to 1.95) | 0.51 (−0.08 to 1.14) | 0.09 (−0.39 to 0.59) | 0.56 (0.29 to 0.92) | 0.18 (−0.21 to 0.78) | −0.03 (−0.53 to 0.51) | 0.61 (−0.22 to 1.19) | 00.15 (−0.25 to 0.56) |
ART indicates antiretroviral therapy; BP, blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; ESPRIT, Evaluation of Subcutaneous Proleukin® in a Randomized International Trial; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; hsCRP, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein; SILCAAT, Subcutaneous Recombinant, Human Interleukin‐2 in HIV‐Infected Patients with Low CD4+ Counts under Active Antiretroviral Therapy; SMART, Strategies for Management of Antiretroviral Therapy.