Table 3.
Relative Risk (95% CI) of Coronary Heart Disease by Levels of Fetuin‐A, the Nurses' Health Study
| Quintiles of Biomarker Levels | P for Trend | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 (Lowest) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 (Highest) | ||
| Fetuin‐A, μg/mL | ||||||
| Median, range | 322.5 (83.0 to 369.0) | 397.7 (369.0 to 424.3) | 448.9 (425.1 to 472.0) | 496.4 (472.2 to 536.7) | 590.4 (536.8 to 1589.7) | |
| Case‐control | 95/94 | 87/94 | 77/94 | 100/94 | 107/94 | |
| Model 1* | 1.0 | 0.94 (0.60 to 1.47) | 0.82 (0.51 to 1.31) | 1.08 (0.69 to 1.70) | 1.22 (0.76 to 1.97) | 0.59 |
| Model 2* | 1.0 | 0.74 (0.44 to 1.24) | 0.69 (0.40 to 1.19) | 0.82 (0.48 to 1.39) | 0.95 (0.54 to 1.66) | 0.64 |
| Model 3* | 1.0 | 0.69 (0.41 to 1.17) | 0.61 (0.35 to 1.06) | 0.76 (0.44 to 1.30) | 0.79 (0.44 to 1.40) | 0.34 |
| Model 4* | 1.0 | 0.72 (0.41 to 1.25) | 0.65 (0.36 to 1.18) | 0.78 (0.44 to 1.39) | 0.78 (0.42 to 1.45) | 0.43 |
eGFR indicates estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; MET‐hr, metabolic equivalent‐hours; MI, myocardial infarction.
Model 1 was adjusted for the matching factors, including age at blood draw, smoking status (never, past, current), fasting status (yes, no), and time of blood drawing.
Based on model 1, model 2 was further adjusted for body mass index (kg/m2), postmenopausal status (yes, no), hormone use (current user, past user, and nonuser), physical activity (METs‐h/wk; in tertiles), alcohol use (nondrinker, <5.0, 5.0 to 14.9, 15.0 to 29.9, and ≥30.0 g/day), parental history of MI before age 65 years (yes, no), history of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, or diabetes (yes, no), use of aspirin (yes, no), and alternate Healthy Eating Index score.
Based on model 2, model 3 was further adjusted for levels of total:HDL‐C ratio.
Based on model 3, model 4 was further adjusted for levels of fasting triacylglycerol (mg/dL), high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (mg/L), eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m2), and total adiponectin (μg/mL).