Table 2. Relation between having difficulties and demographic and household characteristics of children.
| Difficulties in vision | Difficulties in hearing, remembering or concentrating, mobility, self-care or communication |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | (95%CI) | OR | (95%CI) | |||||
| Sex | ||||||||
| Boy | Reference | Reference | ||||||
| Girl | 1.70 | (1.23, 2.37) | p=0.002 | 0.91 | (0.69, 1.20) | p=0.513 | ||
| Age | ||||||||
| 6–10 | Reference | Reference | ||||||
| 11–14 | 2.10 | (1.35, 3.27) | p=0.001 | 0.61 | (0.43, 0.86) | p=0.004 | ||
| 15–17 | 2.09 | (1.34, 3.28) | p=0.001 | 0.84 | (0.60, 1.18) | p=0.319 | ||
| Trend p=0.001 | Trend p=0.300 | |||||||
| Area | ||||||||
| Urban | Reference | Reference | ||||||
| Rural | 0.34 | (0.23, 0.50) | p<0.001 | 1.04 | (0.69, 1.56) | p=0.842 | ||
| Household income | ||||||||
| 1st quintile (lowest) | Reference | Reference | ||||||
| 2nd quintile | 1.35 | (0.73, 2.49) | p=0.333 | 0.83 | (0.58, 1.19) | p=0.301 | ||
| 3rd quintile | 1.50 | (0.82, 2.73) | p=0.184 | 0.60 | (0.39, 0.92) | p=0.020 | ||
| 4th quintile | 1.93 | (1.05, 3.55) | p=0.034 | 0.46 | (0.27, 0.77) | p=0.004 | ||
| 5th quintile (highest) | 2.54 | (1.39, 4.66) | p=0.003 | 0.55 | (0.32, 0.94) | p=0.029 | ||
| Trend p=0.001 | Trend p=0.002 | |||||||
| Educational attainment of household head | ||||||||
| Primary school graduate or none | Reference | Reference | ||||||
| Lower secondary school graduate | 1.25 | (0.81, 1.93) | p=0.319 | 1.57 | (1.08, 2.27) | p=0.017 | ||
| Upper secondary school graduate | 1.30 | (0.77, 2.17) | p=0.327 | 1.08 | (0.59, 1.98) | p=0.804 | ||
| Junior college degree, bachelor’s degree, or higher | 0.82 | (0.49, 1.35) | p=0.426 | 1.47 | (1.02, 2.11) | p=0.040 | ||
| Trend p=0.380 | Trend p=0.124 | |||||||
| Occupation of household head | ||||||||
| Leaders, professionals, or staffs in any fields | Reference | Reference | ||||||
| Skilled workers in personal services and sales | 0.87 | (0.38, 1.96) | p=0.731 | 1.17 | (0.39, 3.53) | p=0.782 | ||
| Skilled workers in agriculture and fisheries | 0.43 | (0.16, 1.21) | p=0.111 | 1.09 | (0.43, 2.76) | p=0.858 | ||
| Skilled handicraftsman and other skilled manual workers | 1.00 | (0.59, 1.70) | p=0.999 | 0.88 | (0.39, 1.97) | p=0.757 | ||
| Assemblers and machine operators | 0.36 | (0.13, 0.98) | p=0.045 | 0.63 | (0.17, 2.35) | p=0.490 | ||
| Unskilled workers | 0.48 | (0.29, 0.80) | p=0.004 | 1.19 | (0.62, 2.30) | p=0.606 | ||
| Armed forces | – | 3.27 | (0.38, 27.94) | p=0.279 | ||||
| Not working | 0.67 | (0.33, 1.36) | p=0.263 | 1.32 | (0.59, 2.95) | p=0.492 | ||
The odds ratios were adjusted for all other characteristics.