Table 3. Per capita household income and health-care expenditure in the past 12 months.
| Per capita household income (1000 VND) [A] |
Health-care expenditure (1000 VND) [B] |
[B]/[A] | [B]/[A]>0.05 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Share of inpatient care expenditure |
% | OR | (95%CI) | ||||||
| Overall | 7441.2 | (9043.1) | 95.0 | (887.9) | 54.9% | 0.0128 | 4.6% | – | |||||
| Children with difficulties in specific domains | |||||||||||||
| Vision | |||||||||||||
| No | 7382.2 | (9052.6) | 81.3 | (709.5) | 53.4% | 0.0110 | 4.4% | Reference | |||||
| Yes | 10521.5 | (7969.7) | 807.4 | (3901.1) | 62.9% | 0.0767 | 14.6% | 4.78 | (2.95, 7.73) | p<0.001 | |||
| p<0.001 | p<0.001 | ||||||||||||
| Hearing, remembering or concentrating, mobility, self-care, or communication | |||||||||||||
| No | 7467.9 | (9059.6) | 83.3 | (792.7) | 50.2% | 0.0112 | 4.4% | Reference | |||||
| Yes | 6284.0 | (8234.2) | 601.0 | (2735.9) | 83.1% | 0.0956 | 13.3% | 3.13 | (2.04, 4.80) | p<0.001 | |||
| p<0.001 | p<0.001 | ||||||||||||
| Hearing | |||||||||||||
| No | 7454.2 | (9061.6) | 94.8 | (888.4) | 54.9% | 0.0127 | 4.6% | Reference | |||||
| Yes | 4827.1 | (2777.5) | 133.6 | (783.7) | 54.2% | 0.0277 | 6.8% | 1.33 | (0.49, 3.62) | p=0.578 | |||
| p<0.001 | p<0.001 | ||||||||||||
| Remembering or concentrating | |||||||||||||
| No | 7461.8 | (9073.7) | 91.6 | (845.4) | 53.6% | 0.0123 | 4.5% | Reference | |||||
| Yes | 5391.7 | (4743.5) | 430.1 | (2845.4) | 82.3% | 0.0798 | 14.3% | 3.22 | (1.78, 5.81) | p<0.001 | |||
| p<0.001 | p<0.001 | ||||||||||||
| Mobility | |||||||||||||
| No | 7441.8 | (9055.9) | 85.7 | (810) | 51.2% | 0.0115 | 4.5% | Reference | |||||
| Yes | 7341.7 | (6615.2) | 1656.5 | (4567.1) | 87.0% | 0.2256 | 24.8% | 7.49 | (3.90, 14.38) | p<0.001 | |||
| p<0.001 | p<0.001 | ||||||||||||
| Self-care | |||||||||||||
| No | 7438.1 | (9014.6) | 86.7 | (807.7) | 51.3% | 0.0117 | 4.5% | Reference | |||||
| Yes | 7809.8 | (12029.1) | 1079.7 | (4023.4) | 89.7% | 0.1382 | 16.2% | 3.99 | (2.06, 7.74) | p<0.001 | |||
| p<0.001 | p<0.001 | ||||||||||||
| Communication | |||||||||||||
| No | 7460.0 | (9069.7) | 89.7 | (825.3) | 52.8% | 0.0120 | 4.5% | Reference | |||||
| Yes | 5456.8 | (5231.6) | 649.4 | (3447.4) | 84.8% | 0.1190 | 14.9% | 3.46 | (1.91, 6.28) | p<0.001 | |||
| p<0.001 | p<0.001 | ||||||||||||
P-values compairing per capita household income or healthcare expenditure by difficulty status were obtained with Mann-Whitney U tests. The odds ratios compared the odds of [B]/[A]>0.05 between children with a specific disability and those without. The odds ratios were adjusted for sex, age, area, household income, and educational attainment and occupation of household head.