Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2015 Jan 20;6:5938. doi: 10.1038/ncomms6938

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2015, Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

PMC Copyright notice

The relativistic electron bunch induces a bipolar transient signal in an antenna, as shown in a. Together with pulses from the optical reference, this signal is coupled into an integrated electro-optic modulator, as sketched in b. The degree of modulation depends on the temporal overlap between the electric signal and the laser pulse, imprinting the arrival time of the electron bunch onto the laser pulse amplitude, which is subsequently measured in a real-time balanced detection scheme.