Concordant phylogeny of rRNA genes and motility proteins in the L. salivarius clade. (A) 16S rRNA gene ML subtree displaying only the L. salivarius clade. , motile Lactobacillus species; *, the motile species L. sicerae (11) was not included in this study because this new species was described too recently, and the partial draft genome did not allow us to identify all the motility proteins. (B) Phylogenetic analysis of motility proteins in lactobacilli. This phylogenetic tree is based on concatenated protein sequence analysis of the predicted motility genes and depicts the phylogenetic relationships among motile species of the genus Lactobacillus. The sequences were aligned with MUSCLE, and the trees were inferred with MEGA6 software (25). The evolutionary history was inferred by using the maximum likelihood method based on the LG model. Statistical support was estimated with bootstraps (1,000 replicates).