Fig. 3.

Nanoceria decrease oxidant-induced ROS formation while not affecting GSH or cGPx levels. (A) PQ²⁺-induced superoxide production in HDF is blocked by nanoceria. (B) PQ²⁺-incuded hydrogen peroxide production in HDF is inhibited by nanoceria. (C) CNP did not affect the cellular GSH level. (D) CNP, in contrast to selenite, blunted PQ-induced cGPx expression. ANOVA with Dunnet's post-hoc test or Student's t-test were used for the determination of statistical significance among treatment groups, as appropriate. Data are means±SEM, n=3–6. (a) p<0.05 compared to control and (b) p<0.05 compared to absence of CNP.