Table 2.

Priority levers for adaptive resilience-based management (ARBM) across three geographical and socio-economic examples. Letters D to G refer to intervention points in Fig.2

	Management levers
Example	D: Influence drivers and/or activities	E: Reduce stressors	F: Support ecosystem resilience	G: Support social-economic resilience
Great Barrier Reef	Influence national emissions policies through education and awareness-raising around climate change and linkages between land use and run-off	Improve land-use management to reduce pollution in receiving waters; maintained fisheries management	Networks of no-take areas (spatial planning for connectivity and population viability of key species); control CoTS at local scales	Work with fishers and tourism operators to help build resilience in their industries
Coral Triangle	Education of local communities andregional government bodies	Reduce fishing of herbivores; stop destructive fishing practices; reduce pollution	Networks of no-take areas (spatial planning for connectivity and population viability)	Capacity-building of local communities and regional government bodies, support alternative livelihoods
Florida Reef System	Education and awareness-raising around climate change and linkages between land use and land run-off	Reduce nutrient and sediment loads; reduce fishing pressure; manage pressures from recreational use	Coral and reef habitat restoration in combination with networks of no-take areas	Work with local communities and the tourism industry to develop adaptation strategies including livelihood transitioning