Table 1.
Characteristics of Study Population
| N=16 | |
|---|---|
| Age, y | 41±17 |
| Male/female | 13/3 |
| LV ejection fraction, % | 60±7 |
| ICD | 14 (88%) |
| Medications | |
| Amiodarone | 11 (69%) |
| β‐Blocker | 14 (88%) |
| Family history | 3 (19%) |
| Endomyocardial biopsy performed | 0 (0%) |
| Clinical symptom | |
| Syncope | 6 (38%) |
| Presyncope | 3 (19%) |
| Palpitations | 5 (31%) |
| ECG abnormalities | |
| Epsilon wave | 4 (25%) |
| Inverted T waves V1 to 2 | 2 (13%) |
| Inverted T waves V1 to 3 or beyond | 8 (50%) |
| QRS duration ≥110 ms (V1 to 2) | 7 (44%) |
| TAD ≥55 ms | 4 (25%) |
| Ventricular arrhythmia at Holter monitor | |
| Frequent PVCs (>1000/24 h) | 12 (75%) |
| Monomorphic PVCs | 5 (31%) |
| Polymorphic PVCs | 7 (44%) |
| Nonsustained VT | 4 (25%) |
| Structural evaluation | |
| RV dilatation/dysfunction | 16 (100%) |
| RVEDV/BSA, mL/m2 | 129±30 |
| LV involvement | 2 (13%) |
BSA indicates body surface area; ICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillator; LV, left ventricle; PVC, premature ventricular contraction; RV, right ventricle; RVEDV, right ventricular end‐diastolic volume; TAD, terminal activation duration; VT, ventricular tachycardia.