Table 2.
Pre‐ and In‐Hospital Patient Characteristics Among Patients With AMI and Coexistent Diabetes Mellitus
| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | P Value (Trend) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (sample) | 36 753 | 37 752 | 40 673 | 41 633 | 39 107 | 38 635 | 40 745 | 38 993 | 41 235 | 40 238 | 39 501 | |
| N (weighted) | 179 646 | 188 898 | 196 987 | 200 244 | 189 870 | 189 348 | 198 903 | 193 004 | 202 011 | 202 774 | 197 492 | |
| Prehospital, % | ||||||||||||
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Male | 55.3 | 55.5 | 55.6 | 55.4 | 56.2 | 55.9 | 56.6 | 56.9 | 56.9 | 57.8 | 57.5 | <0.0001 |
| Female | 44.7 | 44.5 | 44.4 | 44.6 | 43.8 | 44.1 | 43.4 | 43.1 | 43.1 | 42.2 | 42.5 | |
| Age group, y | ||||||||||||
| <55 | 14.5 | 14.4 | 15.1 | 14.9 | 15.2 | 15.6 | 16.9 | 16.6 | 16.3 | 16.9 | 16.9 | <0.0001 |
| 55 to 64 | 20.4 | 20.0 | 21.0 | 21.5 | 22.3 | 22.3 | 22.6 | 23.1 | 23.0 | 23.5 | 23.8 | <0.0001 |
| 65 to 74 | 28.5 | 28.2 | 27.3 | 26.7 | 26.2 | 25.5 | 25.4 | 25.3 | 25.7 | 25.9 | 25.6 | <0.0001 |
| 75 to 84 | 26.6 | 27.5 | 26.6 | 26.5 | 26.2 | 25.6 | 24.8 | 24.4 | 24.2 | 22.8 | 22.8 | <0.0001 |
| >84 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 10.2 | 11.0 | 10.2 | 10.7 | 10.9 | 10.8 | 10.9 | <0.0001 |
| Race | ||||||||||||
| Non‐Hispanic White | 77.7 | 76.4 | 73.1 | 71.0 | 72.3 | 73.9 | 71.8 | 70.2 | 71.3 | 70.1 | 69.3 | <0.0001 |
| Black | 9.3 | 9.5 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 11.0 | 9.2 | 10.9 | 11.9 | 11.1 | 11.5 | 13.4 | <0.0001 |
| Hispanic | 8.2 | 9.0 | 9.6 | 11.9 | 10.0 | 10.5 | 11.0 | 10.4 | 9.4 | 10.1 | 9.9 | <0.0001 |
| Asian | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 3.1 | <0.0001 |
| AI/NA | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.0 | <0.0001 |
| Other | 2.5 | 2.6 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 4.9 | 3.3 | <0.0001 |
| Type of AMI | ||||||||||||
| STEMI | 34.8 | 32.4 | 30.9 | 28.5 | 26.5 | 24.2 | 24.8 | 23.2 | 22.4 | 21.0 | 21.1 | <0.0001 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||||||||
| TIA/stroke | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.3 | <0.0001 |
| Heart failure | 40.1 | 39.6 | 40.2 | 41.7 | 42.5 | 42.1 | 40.2 | 41.4 | 40.4 | 40.8 | 40.3 | 0.017 |
| Prior MI | 69.5 | 71.3 | 72.3 | 74.1 | 74.6 | 76.3 | 77.7 | 78.7 | 80.0 | 81.8 | 81.7 | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension | 62.5 | 64.0 | 67.1 | 69.0 | 71.2 | 72.5 | 74.6 | 75.6 | 76.6 | 78.4 | 79.4 | <0.0001 |
| Renal failure | 6.6 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 9.0 | 9.4 | 13.1 | 20.7 | 28.7 | 30.3 | 32.8 | 33.7 | <0.0001 |
| AFib | 15.5 | 15.5 | 16.1 | 15.6 | 15.7 | 15.9 | 16.3 | 16.4 | 15.7 | 15.9 | 15.9 | <0.0001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 30.7 | 34.6 | 39.6 | 42.0 | 46.1 | 49.2 | 52.7 | 56.8 | 58.2 | 59.9 | 62.5 | <0.0001 |
| PAD | 6.1 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 8.4 | 8.8 | 8.5 | 8.7 | <0.0001 |
| Cancer | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | <0.0001 |
| Dementia | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 | <0.0001 |
| Tobacco use | — | — | 11.1 | 11.2 | 12.1 | 13.4 | 14.5 | 15.6 | 16.5 | 16.8 | 17.4 | <0.0001 |
| Obesity | — | — | 10.3 | 10.8 | 11.4 | 12.5 | 13.3 | 15.1 | 17.2 | 18.9 | 18.9 | <0.0001 |
| In‐hospital, % | ||||||||||||
| Shock | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 5.0 | 5.0 | <0.0001 |
| VFib | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | <0.0001 |
| Revasc | 58.2 | 60.5 | 61.3 | 62.7 | 63.2 | 65.4 | 68.1 | 67.5 | 67.8 | 70.9 | 71.1 | <0.0001 |
AFib indicates atrial fibrillation; AI/NA, American Indian or Native American; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; MI, myocardial infarction; PAD, peripheral arterial disease; Revasc, coronary revascularization procedure; STEMI, ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction; TIA, transient ischemic attack; VFib, ventricular fibrillation.