Table 2.
Extent of Diagnostic Evaluation According to Vascular Territory of Acute Ischemic Lesions
| ACA (n=49) | MCA (n=1341) | ICA (n=33) | PCA (n=230) | VA (n=71) | BA (n=305) | PICA (n=144) | AICA (n=8) | SCA (n=10) | BZ (n=79) | Multiple (n=432) | Total (n=2702) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DWI | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | |
| Other brain MRI sequences* | 98.0 | 99.0 | 97.0 | 97.4 | 100 | 99.7 | 97.9 | 100 | 100 | 98.7 | 98.8 | 98.9 | 0.437 |
| Brain MRA* | 100 | 98.6 | 100 | 98.3 | 100 | 100 | 98.6 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 97.7 | 98.7 | 0.334 |
| Conventional angiography | 12.2 | 23.6 | 42.4 | 10.0 | 23.9 | 14.4 | 20.1 | 100 | 100 | 50.6 | 31.3 | 23.1 | <0.001 |
| Transcranial Doppler | 83.7 | 77.6 | 45.5 | 82.6 | 83.1 | 86.2 | 79.9 | 87.5 | 90.0 | 84.8 | 72.9 | 78.5 | <0.001 |
| Brain SPECT | 12.2 | 15.7 | 9.1 | 10.9 | 14.1 | 10.2 | 9.7 | 100 | 100 | 48.1 | 15.0 | 14.9 | <0.001 |
| Electrocardiogram | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | |
| Transthoracic echocardiogram | 87.8 | 87.9 | 57.6 | 94.3 | 85.9 | 88.2 | 91.7 | 100 | 100 | 89.9 | 82.2 | 87.5 | <0.001 |
| Transesophageal echocardiogram | 42.9 | 20.4 | 12.1 | 28.3 | 8.5 | 9.8 | 20.8 | 37.5 | 100 | 13.9 | 25.9 | 20.5 | <0.001 |
| Cardiac MDCT | 24.5 | 19.1 | 15.2 | 14.8 | 9.9 | 11.5 | 13.2 | 12.5 | 20.0 | 8.9 | 19.2 | 17.1 | 0.110 |
| 24‐h Holter monitoring | 59.2 | 41.1 | 24.2 | 40.0 | 35.2 | 36.4 | 47.9 | 62.5 | 30.0 | 39.2 | 45.4 | 41.5 | 0.130 |
| Extensive embolic source evaluation* | 42.9 | 22.5 | 12.1 | 22.6 | 8.5 | 14.4 | 20.8 | 37.5 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 26.4 | 21.7 | <0.001 |
Values are percentages of patients. ACA indicates anterior cerebral artery; AICA, anterior inferior cerebellar artery; BA, basilar artery; BZ, border zone infarction; DWI, diffusion‐weighted imaging; ICA, internal carotid artery; MCA, middle cerebral artery; MDCT, multidetector computed tomography; MRA, magnetic resonance angiography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; Multiple, multiple territory infarction; PCA, posterior cerebral artery; PICA, posterior inferior cerebellar artery; SCA, superior cerebellar artery; SPECT, single‐photon emission computed tomography; VA, vertebral artery.
Axial T1, T2, gradient echo, enhanced T1, and enhanced fluid attenuation inversion recovery image.
MRA: intracranial and extracranial neck vessels.
Extensive embolic source evaluation comprised 24‐h Holter monitoring, transthoracic echocardiography, and transthoracic echocardiogram (or cardiac MDCT) during hospital stay.