Table 4.
Improvement in CVD prediction by adding each subclinical measure to conventional risk factors
| Predictors | ΔC Statisticsa | Categorical NRI | Continuous NRI | IDI | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Event | Nonevent | Event | Nonevent | |||
| CKDb | ||||||
| CACc | 0.03 (0.01 to 0.06) | 0.11 (0.01 to 0.21) | 0.03 (−0.01 to 0.06) | 0.29 (0.15 to 0.43) | 0.15 (0.09 to 0.21) | 0.03 (0.02 to 0.04) |
| IMTd | 0.002 (−0.01 to 0.01) | 0.03 (−0.02 to 0.08) | −0.004 (−0.02 to 0.01) | 0.04 (−0.10 to 0.19) | 0.19 (0.14 to 0.25) | 0.003 (0.00 to 0.01) |
| ABI | 0.01 (−0.004 to 0.03) | −0.04 (−0.10 to 0.01) | 0.02 (−0.01 to 0.04) | −0.16 (−0.32 to 0.01) | 0.08 (0.02 to 0.14) | 0.01 (0.003 to 0.02) |
| Non-CKD | ||||||
| CACc | 0.04 (0.02 to 0.06) | 0.19 (0.12 to 0.26) | −0.03 (−0.04 to −0.03) | 0.29 (0.18 to 0.40) | 0.26 (0.23 to 0.28) | 0.03 (0.02 to 0.03) |
| IMTd | 0.01 (−0.001 to 0.01) | −0.02 (−0.06 to 0.02) | 0.002 (−0.004 to 0.01) | −0.03 (−0.15 to 0.08) | 0.14 (0.11 to 0.17) | 0.004 (0.002 to 0.01) |
| ABI | 0.01 (−0.003 to 0.02) | 0.02 (−0.03 to 0.07) | 0.004 (−0.002 to 0.01) | −0.001 (−0.11 to 0.13) | 0.08 (0.05 to 0.11) | 0.01 (0.01 to 0.02) |
HR (95% CI) is shown.
a
C statistic with only conventional predictors was 0.709 in the CKD group and 0.743 in the non-CKD group.
b
CKD was defined as eGFR by the CKD-EPI creatinine equation<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 or urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio≥30 mg/g.
c
ln(CAC score+1).
d
Z score for overall maximal internal and common carotid IMT.