Table 3. Hazards of diabetes mellitus by baseline smoking status, Aichi, 2002–2011.

	Smoking status at recruitment
	Never smokers	Ex-smokers	Current smokers, by cigarettes per day
			Light smokers	Moderate smokers	Heavy smokers	All current smokers
n	1608	776	264	421	269	954
Number of cases	75	65	17	36	32	85
Person-years	12 264	5855	1977	3134	1910	7021
Crude incidence rate/1000 person-years	6.1	11.1	8.6	11.5	16.8	12.1
Model 1a	1	1.62 (1.13–2.34)	1.36 (0.80–2.33)	1.76 (1.15–2.69)	2.45 (1.56–3.82)	1.82 (1.29–2.56)
Model 2b	1	1.64 (1.14–2.36)	1.35 (0.79–2.32)	1.74 (1.13–2.66)	2.41 (1.54–3.77)	1.80 (1.28–2.53)
Model 3c	1	1.54 (1.07–2.23)	1.39 (0.82–2.38)	1.74 (1.14–2.67)	2.44 (1.57–3.82)	1.83 (1.30–2.57)
Model 4d	1	1.54 (1.07–2.22)	1.35 (0.79–2.32)	1.68 (1.10–2.58)	2.30 (1.47–3.60)	1.75 (1.25–2.46)

^aAdjusted for age (continuous) and sex at baseline.

^bModel 1 + adjustments for physical activity, consumptions of alcohol, sugar and energy (all continuous), and sleep duration/day (continuous).

^cModel 2 + adjustments for family history of diabetes mellitus, mean arterial pressure, body mass index (continuous), total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and log-transformed values of homeostatic model assessment 2–insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) and triglyceride.

^dModel 3 + adjustment for log-transformed serum adiponectin, C-reactive protain, and leptin levels (continuous).