Table 1.
Patient Characteristics
| Clinical Variable | Invasive Aspergillosis (n = 34) |
Other Pneumonia (n = 30) |
P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, median (IQR; range) | 55 (47–62; 22–79) | 54 (44–63; 28–87) | .92 |
| Female sex | 17 (50) | 8 (27) | .07 |
| Hematologic malignancy | 29 (85) | 24 (80) | .74 |
| Allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplant | 18 (53) | 7 (27) | .02 |
| Solid organ transplant | 3 (9) | 5 (17) | .46 |
| Recent neutropeniaa | 13 (38) | 15 (50) | .45 |
| T-cell immunosuppressantsb | 29 (85) | 26 (87) | .58 |
| Prolonged corticosteroid exposurec | 7 (21) | 5 (17) | .45 |
| Exposure to mold-active antifungal therapy on date of breath samplingd | 25 (74) | 26 (87) | .23 |
| Duration of mold-active antifungal exposure prior to breath sampling, d, median (IQR;range) | 2 (2–11; 1–205) | 2 (1–13; 1–345) | .52 |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise specified.
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range.
a Less than 500 neutrophils/µL for >10 days [28].
b Treatment with recognized T-cell immunosuppressants, such as cyclosporine, tumor necrosis factor–α blockers, specific immunomodulating antibodies, or nucleoside analogues during the prior 90 days [28].
c Exposure to corticosteroids at a mean minimum dose of 0.3 mg/kg/day of prednisone equivalent for >3 weeks [28].
d Specific antifungal agents included voriconazole (n = 17), micafungin (n = 15), liposomal amphotericin B (n = 11), terbinafine (n = 1), isavuconazole (n = 1), voriconazole and micafungin (n = 2), voriconazole and terbinafine (n = 2), posaconazole and liposomal amphotericin B (n = 1), and fluconazole (n = 1) in a patient with suspected cryptococcal pneumonia.