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. 2015 Jan 30;5:8128. doi: 10.1038/srep08128

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(a) A schematic of the experimental setup. (b) The correlation C_δu,v as a function of time in the unjamming (upper panel) and jamming (lower panel) regimes. Red lines are fit using error function to extract the plateau values. The spatial distribution of the modulus of the first Lyapunov vector δu (c), (e) and the magnitude of the velocity v (d), (f) in the unjamming (c)–(d) and jamming (e)–(f) regimes. Here the system unjams at t ≈ 0.8 s, i.e., the beginning of the avalanche, and jams at t ≈ 2.7 s, i.e., the ending of the avalanche. In panels (c)–(d) t = 1.3 s and in panels (e)–(f) t = 2.4 s. In the color schemes of panels (c)–(f), 1 stands for the maximum values of δu (in c, e) or v (in d, f).