Fig. 1.

The effect of M. officinalis extract on escape latency (A) and swimming speed (B) of naïve rats in Morris water maze task during training sessions. Training performed in one day and consisted of two blocks, and each block included four trials. Each animal received extract or normal saline intra-peritoneally 1 h before training. Each column represents mean ± SEM for 8 animals. *Represent significant differences between block 1 and block 2 within each group (ANOVA, ***p<0.001). +Represent significant differences versus normal saline-treated group in block 2 (ANOVA, +;p<0.05, ++;p<0.01).