Table 6.
Epistasis and epistasis by environment interaction on yield and P use efficiency traits
| Trait | QTL | Chr | Interval | Position a | QTL | Chr | Interval | Position a | aa b | h 2 (aa)% c | aae d | h 2 (aae)% e |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BIOM | 2 | BIN292-BIN293 | 74.8 | 6 | BIN962-BIN963 | 128.4 | −51.91** | 10.2 | ||||
| 3 | BIN375-BIN376 | 28.2 | 6 | BIN891-BIN892 | 52.2 | −26.30** | 2.6 | |||||
| 3 | BIN413-BIN414 | 76.2 | 4 | BIN562-BIN563 | 8.2 | −29.30** | 3.2 | |||||
| 3 | BIN413-BIN414 | 76.2 | 3 | BIN483-BIN484 | 125.3 | −26.12** | 2.6 | |||||
| 7 | BIN990-BIN991 | 26.4 | 11 | BIN1515-BIN1516 | 104.2 | 29.65** | 3.3 | 19.36* (aae4) | 0.5 | |||
| HI | qBIOM1 | 1 | BIN30-BIN31 | 24.9 | 6 | BIN862-BIN863 | 29.6 | −1.23** | 4.3 | |||
| 1 | BIN80-BIN81 | 78.6 | 3 | BIN435-BIN436 | 92.3 | 1.24** | 4.4 | |||||
| 2 | BIN242-BIN243 | 17.7 | 2 | BIN337-BIN338 | 162.0 | −1.81** | 9.3 | |||||
| 6 | BIN909-BIN910 | 75.3 | 10 | BIN1328-BIN1329 | 22.4 | 0.99** | 2.8 | |||||
| Yield | 3 | BIN530-BIN531 | 177.2 | 4 | BIN580-BIN581 | 14.7 | −26.25** | 5.2 | ||||
| 5 | BIN694-BIN695 | 5.3 | 10 | BIN1321-BIN1322 | 16.8 | −21.15** | 3.4 | |||||
| 12 | BIN1572-BIN1573 | 49.2 | qPUEg12 | 12 | BIN1612-BIN1613 | 99.1 | −23.47** | 4.2 | ||||
| PUP | qPUP1 | 1 | BIN46-BIN47 | 36.1 | qPUP7 | 7 | BIN1007-BIN1008 | 55.0 | 0.07** | 2.3 | ||
| 2 | BIN241-BIN242 | 17.5 | 8 | BIN1169-BIN1170 | 111.4 | 0.11** | 5.8 | |||||
| qPUP10 | 10 | BIN1348-BIN1349 | 37.7 | 12 | BIN1613-BIN1614 | 104.3 | 0.04* | 0.9 | ||||
| PHI | qPHI1,qHI1,qstrPUE1-1 | 1 | BIN59-BIN60 | 63.4 | qPHI11 | 11 | BIN1392-BIN1393 | 2.2 | 0.58 | 0.4 | 1.19* (aae4) | 0.5 |
| 2 | BIN218-BIN219 | 0 | 5 | BIN815-BIN816 | 113.3 | −1.65** | 3.1 | |||||
| 3 | BIN490-BIN491 | 129.7 | 9 | BIN1290-BIN1291 | 104.7 | 2.18** | 5.5 | |||||
| 5 | BIN691-BIN692 | 3.0 | 11 | BIN1405-BIN1406 | 17.9 | −1.49** | 2.6 | |||||
| strPUE | 5 | BIN692-BIN693 | 4.3 | 10 | BIN1354-BIN1355 | 43.5 | −25.93** | 4.3 | ||||
| PUEg | 1 | BIN28-BIN29 | 23.9 | 8 | BIN1163-BIN1164 | 106.4 | −8.42** | 5.4 | ||||
| PTE | qPTE1-2 | 1 | BIN160-BIN161 | 140.7 | qPTE2, qPHI2 | 2 | BIN310-BIN311 | 88.0 | 0.84 | 0.42 | 2.00* (aae4) | 0.8 |
| 3 | BIN451-BIN452 | 97.4 | 8 | BIN1085-BIN1086 | 35.8 | −2.34** | 3.30 | |||||
| 10 | BIN1299-BIN1300 | 3.4 | 12 | BIN1549-BIN1550 | 38.5 | 2.49** | 3.72 |
aPosition (cM) denotes the genetic distance in centiMorgan between the QTL and the first marker on the relevant chromosome.
bAdditive by additive effect, a negative value means that recombinant alleles from the two parents increase the phenotypic score, a positive value means that two alleles from an identical parent increase the phenotypic score.
cPhenotypic variation explained by an epistatic effect.
dEpistasis by environment interaction, e1 and e2 represent low P in 2008 and 2009, e3 and e4 represent normal P in 2008 and 2009, respectively.
ePhenotypic variation explained by an epistasis by environment interaction.
* and **Indicate significance at P = 0.05 and P = 0.01, respectively.