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| Process | Examples |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Energy deprivation | Hypoxia (systemic) |
| Hypoglycaemia | |
| Hypotension | |
| Cerebral thrombosis/infarction | |
|
| |
| Metabolic derangement | Hypo/hypernatraemia |
| Hypercalcaemia | |
| Hyperammonaemia | |
| Hyperglycaemia | |
|
| |
| CNS trauma | Diffuse axonal injuy |
| Haemorrhage | |
| Penetrating injury | |
|
| |
| Infection | Primary CNS infection |
| Haematogenous invasion of CNS | |
|
| |
| Neoplasm | Primary CNS tumours |
| Metastases | |
|
| |
| Drug toxicity | Cholinergic antagonists |
| Dopamine agonists | |
| GABA agonists | |
| Opioids | |
