Table 1. Baseline Patient Characteristics.
| Patient Characteristics | Overall | Pre-protocol Implementation (Control group) | Post-protocol Implementation (Intervention group) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Admissions (n) | 702 | 262 | 440 | -- |
|
| ||||
| Age1(years) | 55.7 (15.4) | 55.4 (14.9) | 55.9 (15.8) | 0.711 |
|
| ||||
| Females2 | 343 (48.9%) | 123 (47.0%) | 220 (50.0%) | 0.434 |
|
| ||||
| African Americans2 | 307 (43.7%) | 109 (41.6%) | 198 (45.0%) | 0.380 |
|
| ||||
| APS1* | 10.7 (5.3) | 10.6 (5.2) | 10.7 (5.3) | 0.797 |
|
| ||||
| MICU2# | 484 | 177 (67.6%) | 307 (69.8%) | -- |
|
| ||||
| SICU2+ | 218 | 85 (32.4%) | 133 (30.2%) | -- |
|
| ||||
| RASS† screens | 3902 | 1262 | 2640 | -- |
|
| ||||
| RASS screens per admission3 | 4 (2-8) | 3 (2-7) | 4 (2-9) | 0.010 |
|
| ||||
| Principal Diagnoses2 | 0.022 | |||
| Sepsis/Septic shock | 186 (26.5%) | 58 (22.1%) | 128 (29.1%) | |
| Acute Respiratory Failure | 156 (22.2%) | 52 (19.9%) | 104 (23.6%) | |
| Trauma | 93 (13.3%) | 31 (11.8%) | 62 (14.1%) | |
| Neurologic± | 80 (11.4%) | 29 (11.1%) | 51 (11.6%) | |
| Surgeryα | 42 (6%) | 21 (8%) | 21 (4.8%) | |
| Congestive heart failure/myocardial infarction | 33 (4.7%) | 18 (6.9%) | 15 (3.4%) | |
| Gastrointestinal€ | 23 (3.3%) | 11 (4.2%) | 12 (2.7%) | |
| Malignancy | 19 (2.7%) | 10 (3.8%) | 9 (2.1%) | |
| Substance abuse | 18 (2.6%) | 11 (4.2%) | 7 (1.6%) | |
| Other£ | 52 (7.4%) | 21 (8%) | 31 (7.1%) | |
1
Reported as Mean (standard deviation), p-value from 2-sample t-test
2
Reported as Count (percent), p-value from Chi-square test
3
Reported as Median (IQR), p-value from Wilcoxon Rank Sum test
*
APS: Acute Physiology Score derived from Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Score (APACHE)-III
#
MICU: Medical Intensive Care Unit
+
SICU: Surgical Intensive Care Unit
†
RASS: Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale
±
Includes seizures, ischemic cerebrovascular accident, altered mental status, subarachnoid, subdural, epidural and intracerebral hemorrhages
α
Includes abdominal, thoracic, and vascular procedures
€
Includes hepatitis, gastric ulcer, gastrointestinal hemorrhage
£
Includes burns, diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure, angioedema