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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Prev Med. 2014 Oct 30;69:267–273. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.10.020

Table 3.

Rates of TMCP elements during visits with smoking discussion in intervention and comparison groups by enrollment period.

Baseline Period Post-Training Period
Comparison
(n=126)		 Intervention
(n=131)		 Pd ES (95% CI)e Comparison
(n=144)		 Intervention
(n=182)		 Pd ES (95% CI)e
Link smoking to salient concern (%) 39 39 0.99 0.00 (−0.12,0.12) 44 58 0.01 0.14 (0.04,0.25)
Brief advice elements (%)
 Quit statement 33 34 0.83 0.02 (−0.10,0.14) 38 44 0.50 0.06 (−0.05,0.17)
 Concern 2 1 0.40 −0.07 (−0.19,0.06) 2 18 0.007 0.25 (0.14,0.36)
 Optimism 2 6 0.18 0.09 (−0.03,0.21) 3 36 <0.001 0.41 (0.30,0.51)
 Partnership 10 9 0.94 −0.01 (−0.13,0.12) 12 40 0.003 0.31 (0.21,0.42)
 Engage patienta 20 15 0.51 −0.06 (−0.21,0.09) 22 51 0.005 0.30 (0.17,0.44)
Elicit level of readiness to quitb (%) 63 68 0.64 0.05 (−0.08,0.17) 65 84 0.006 0.21 (0.10,0.32)
Responding in Alignment scorebc, mean (SD) 4.6 (1.9) 4.2 (2.0) 0.36 −0.17 (−0.47,0.14) 4.1 (1.8) 5.3 (2.2) <0.001 0.57 (0.31,0.82)
 Not ready 5.5 (1.3) 5.2 (1.4) 0.56 −0.24 (−1.06,0.58) 6.0 (1.3) 6.6 (1.9) 0.32 0.33 (−0.33,0.99)
 Ambivalent 3.0 (1.2) 2.7 (1.4) 0.38 −0.27 (−0.79,0.25) 3.0 (1.4) 4.0 (1.7) 0.007 0.63 (0.23,1.02)
 Ready 5.4 (1.8) 5.0 (1.9) 0.31 −0.22 (−0.66,0.21) 4.6 (1.6) 6.2 (2.0) 0.001 0.85 (0.44,1.25)
Duration of smoking discussion (min), mean (SD) 2.5 (2.6) 2.3 (2.1) 0.68 −0.10 (−0.35,0.15) 2.2 (2.0) 3.6 (2.7) 0.01 0.58 (0.36,0.80)
 Not ready 2.1 (1.9) 2.6 (2.1) 0.61 0.26 (−0.56,1.08) 1.3 (0.9) 2.5 (1.7) 0.01 0.81 (0.13,1.49)
 Ambivalent 4.0 (3.8) 2.4 (1.8) 0.19 −0.53 (−1.06,0.00) 3.6 (2.7) 4.2 (2.9) 0.52 0.22 (−0.17,0.60)
 Ready 3.1 (2.0) 3.2 (2.5) 0.84 0.05 (−0.39,0.48) 2.3 (1.5) 4.3 (2.6) 0.002 0.88 (0.47,1.29)
 Unclear/Unknown 1.2 (1.1) 1.0 (1.2) 0.49 −0.15 (−0.58,0.27) 1.3 (1.2) 1.9 (1.8) 0.31 0.39 (−0.06,0.84)
Proportion of visit discussing smoking, mean (SD) 0.12 (0.11) 0.11 (0.11) 0.64 −0.11 (−0.35,0.14) 0.13 (0.11) 0.18 (0.13) 0.01 0.45 (0.23,0.67)
a

Visits where patients provided their readiness level are excluded from the denominator.

b

Responding in Alignment score not computed for visits where patient’s level of readiness was not elicited (i.e. where Unclear/Unknown).

c

Scores standardized so that possible range for any level of readiness is 0–10.

d

P-values adjusted for the clustering of multiple patient-level observations for each clinician.

e

Effect sizes computed using Phi for categorical variables and Cohen’s d for continuous variables.