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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroimage. 2014 Sep 20;103:139–151. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.09.029

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Schematic demonstration of good and bad Construct Validity (CV) for 2 reference domains, each described by 3 tasks. Left: very good global CV, performance of tasks within a reference domain are more similar than between-reference domains. The Z-matrix reveals a block-diagonal structure. The observed CV statistic, the difference of mean Z- values within a reference ability to mean Z-values between reference ability values quite high. Right: poor global CV, pairs of tasks within and between reference domains show equal similarity, thus yielding CV value close to zero. The diagonal elements in every Z matrix have been set to zero since for perfect correlation Z becomes infinite.