Table 1.
Means and standard deviations (parenthesis) of the anthropometric characteristics and sensorimotor functions for young and older adults
| Young adults | Older adults | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anthropometric characteristics | |||||
| Age (years) | 22.55 | (2.42) | 74.10 | (7.50) | <0.001 |
| Gender (female/male)a | 10/12 | 10/10 | 0.374 | ||
| Height (cm) | 167.27 | (8.00) | 155.20 | (6.46) | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 62.95 | (11.50) | 56.18 | (6.13) | 0.022 |
| Leg length (cm) | 84.44 | (5.19) | 81.37 | (5.14) | 0.062 |
| Foot length (cm) | 24.26 | (1.35) | 23.55 | (1.02) | 0.063 |
| Touch-pressure thresholdb | |||||
| Hallux | 2.59 | (0.52) | 3.30 | (0.44) | <0.001 |
| Third metatarsal head | 2.52 | (0.47) | 3.20 | (0.59) | <0.001 |
| Fifth metatarsal head | 2.66 | (0.52) | 3.58 | (0.61) | <0.001 |
| Lateral border of foot | 2.52 | (0.47) | 3.37 | (0.42) | <0.001 |
| Heel | 3.09 | (0.37) | 4.00 | (0.39) | <0.001 |
| Strength (% body weight) | |||||
| Grip | 51.11 | (11.81) | 39.99 | (9.97) | <0.001 |
| Hip flexors | 41.31 | (8.69) | 30.40 | (8.45) | <0.001 |
| Knee flexors | 33.61 | (9.31) | 25.13 | (8.12) | 0.003 |
| Knee extensors | 45.67 | (6.71) | 41.45 | (9.18) | 0.095 |
| Ankle dorsiflexors | 45.64 | (7.19) | 39.78 | (7.87) | 0.016 |
| Ankle plantarflexorb | 25.00 | (0.00) | 23.3 | (4.99) | 0.030 |
| Toe flexors | 16.56 | (6.32) | 11.00 | (4.94) | 0.003 |
aChi-square test
bNonparametric Mann-Whitney tests