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. 2015 Jan 21;10:8. doi: 10.1186/s13019-015-0208-y

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© Liu et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015

This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Preoperative imaging. (A) Coronary angiography revealed an acute occlusion (*) of the right coronary artery; (B) revascularization with percutaneous coronary intervention; (C) chronic sub-occlusive lesion of the left anterior descending artery (▲) and a 90% stenosis in the ostium of the first diagonal artery (▼) were also revealed; (D) transesophageal echocardiography showed a muscular ventricular septal defect (VSD); (E) real-time 3-D transesophageal echocardiography depicted a large septal defect measured 38×27mm; (F) the defect was further located in the anterior middle portion of the muscular ventricular septum in the reconstructed image with a view from the left ventricle. The white arrows indicate the location of the VSD.