Table 1.

Block randomization and treatment sequences for all horses

Trial	Block 1 (n = 3)	Block 2 (n = 3)
Control I (no noxious stimuli)	With observer	No observer
Control II (no noxious stimuli)	No observer	With observer
Tourniquet I (right thoracic limb)	With observer	No observer
Capsaicin I (right shoulder / left thigh)	No observer	With observer
Tourniquet II (left thoracic limb)	No observer	With observer
Capsaicin II (left shoulder / right thigh)	With observer	No observer