FIG. 1.

Effect of deer bone extract (DBE) on mean latency time (A), probe trial (B), and number of crossing platform area (C) in trial sessions of the Morris water maze test. DBE (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg, p.o.), tacrine (10 mg/kg, p.o.) or saline was administered to the mice. Thirty minutes later, the mice of DBE, tacrine, or control groups were treated with scopolamine (Sco, 2 mg/kg, i.p.) and subjected to the Morris water maze test. Probe trial sessions were performed for 120 s. Representative swimming paths of mice from each group subjected to Morris water maze test on the fifth training trial day (D). Data represent mean±standard error of the mean (SEM) (n=9/group); *P<.05, and **P<.01, compared with the control group. ^##P<.01, compared with the scopolamine-treated group.