Table 3.
Adverse events, number and percentage of adverse events per 100 patients studied before and after introduction of checklist.
| Adverse events | Before |
After |
P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 801) |
(n = 801) |
||||
| No. | % (CI) | No. | % (CI) | ||
| Wound | |||||
| Wound infection | 57 | 7.1 (5.3 to 8.9) | 48 | 6.0 (4.3 to 7.6) | 0.419 |
| Wound disruption | 38 | 4.7 (3.3 to 6.2) | 52 | 6.5 (4.8 to 8.2) | 0.158 |
| Lung | |||||
| Pneumonia | 22 | 2.8 (1.6 to 3.9) | 11 | 1.4 (0.6 to 2.2) | 0.077 |
| Unplanned intubation | 8 | 1.0 (0.3 to 1.7) | 5 | 0.6 (0.1 to 1.2) | 0.579 |
| Pulmonary embolism | 1 | 0.1 (−0.1 to 0.4) | 0 | 1 | |
| Ventilator > 48 h | 18 | 2.2 (1.2 to 3.3) | 10 | 1.2 (0.5 to 2.0) | 0.181 |
| Kidney | |||||
| Renal insufficiency | 4 | 0.05 (0.0 to 0.1) | 1 | 0.01 (−0.1 to 0.4) | 0.374 |
| Urinary tract infection | 17 | 2.1 (1.1 to 3.1) | 14 | 1.7 (0.8 to 2.7) | 0.717 |
| Nervous system | |||||
| Stroke/CVA | 3 | 0.04 (0.0 to 0.8) | 3 | 0.04 (0.0 to 0.8) | 1 |
| Coma > 24 h | 7 | 0.09 (0.2 to 0.15) | 3 | 0.4 (0.0 to 0.8) | 0.342 |
| Peripheral nerve injury | 0 | 3 | 0.4 (0.0 to 0.8) | 0.250 | |
| Heart and vessels | |||||
| Cardiac arrest requiring CPR | 1 | 0.1 (− 0.1 to 0.4) | 5 | 0.6 (0.1 to 1.2) | 0.218 |
| Myocardial infarction | 0 | 1 | 0.1 (−0.1 to 0.4) | 0.317 | |
| Bleeding transfusions > 4 units | 12 | 1.5 (0.6 to 2.3) | 14 | 1.7 (0.8 to 2.7) | 0.844 |
| Thrombophlebitis | 4 | 0.5 (0.0 to 1.0) | 3 | 0.4 (0.0 to 0.8) | 1 |
| Sepsis | |||||
| Sepsis | 16 | 2.0 (1.0 to 3.0) | 4 | 0.5 (0.0 to 1.0) | 0.011 |
| Others | |||||
| Reintervention | 44 | 5.5 (3.9 to 7.1) | 34 | 4.4 (0.2 to 1.5) | 0.356 |
CI, confidence interval; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; CVA, cerebrovascular accident.