TABLE 1.
Comparison of HIV-infected patients with and those without positive results in PCR amplification of P. jirovecii DHPS and DHFR genes
| Clinical information | PCR-positive patients (n = 25) | PCR-negative patients (n = 20) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD) (yr) | 39.3 ± 9.6 | 40.8 ± 9.0 | 0.56 |
| Male sex (no. [%]) | 22 (88) | 17 (85) | 0.45 |
| CD4 cell count (median [range]) (cells/μl) | 20 (5–61) | 72 (3–474) | 0.03 |
| CD4 cell count of <100 cells/ml (no. [%]) | 25 (100) | 12 (60) | 0.002 |
| New HIV diagnosis (no. [%]) | 25 (100) | 10 (50) | 0.0001 |
| PCP prophylaxis (no. [%]) | 0 (0) | 6 (30) | 0.012 |
| Received >3 mo of antiretrovirals (no. [%]) | 0 | 9 (45) | 0.001 |
| Confirmed PCP (no. [%])a | 13 (52) | 0 (0) | 0.0001 |
| Outcome, survival (no. [%]) | 25 (100) | 20 (100) | 1 |
a
Confirmed by Gomori staining. All 20 patients negative by PCR were also negative by Gomori staining.