Table 4.
General and spinal anesthetic effects of the four emulsified volatile anesthetics
| General anesthesia | Spinal anesthesia | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||
| ED50 (mmol/kg) | Duration (s) | Ratio (n = 12) | Onset (s) | Durations of blockade (min) | ||
|
|
||||||
| Motor | Sensory | |||||
| E-halothane* | 0.41 ± 0.07 | 116 ± 18 | 6 | 39 ± 9 | 10.1 ± 1.8 | 6.9 ± 1.6 |
| E-isoflurane** | 0.54 ± 0.07 | 39 ± 9 | 7 | 41 ± 7 | 11.0 ± 2.6 | 7.6 ± 1.6 |
| E-enflurane§ | 0.74 ± 0.11 | 58 ± 13 | 6 | 42 ± 8 | 10.0 ± 1.4 | 6.2 ± 2.0 |
| E-sevoflurane† | 0.78 ± 0.08 | 23 ± 7 | 7 | 46 ± 5 | 11.4 ± 2.8 | 6.7 ± 2.1 |
“Ratio” indicated the number of rats that developed successful spinal anesthesia for each emulsified volatile anesthetic (n = 12). The onset time of general anesthesia was not observed because general anesthesia induced by emulsified volatile anesthetics was occurred immediately after injection.
*
Indicated emulsified halothane;
**
Indicated emulsified isoflurane;
§
Indicated emulsified enflurane;
†
Indicated emulsified sevoflurane.