Table 1.
Comparisons Between Childhood Violence Exposure Groups on Demographic Variables (N = 1,581)
| Overall Sample (N = 1,581) | Witness (n = 325) | Abused (n = 122) | Combined (n = 215) | Comparison (n =919) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | M(SD) or N(%) | M(SD) or N(%) | M(SD) or N(%) | M(SD) or N(%) | M(SD) or N(%) | F (dfw, dfb) or χ2(df) |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Cumulative sociodemographic risk | 1.84(.184) | 2.58(1.75) | 1.74(1.82) | 2.45(1.90) | 1.45(1.76) | 42.26(4993.18, 3)*** |
| Age (years) | 26.00(5.89) | 24.39 (5.82) | 26.05(5.97) | 24.89(5.94) | 26.84(5.73) | 17.43(1576, 3)*** |
| Education (< h.s.) | 731(46.24%) | 199 (61.23%) | 58(47.54%) | 126(58.60%) | 348 (37.87%) | 68.60 (3)*** |
| Income (< $15,000) | 357 (22.58%) | 102(31.38%) | 23 (18.85%) | 75(34.88%) | 157(17.08%) | 94.44(12)*** |
| Not Partnered | 632(39.97%) | 172(52.92%) | 46(37.7%) | 109(50.70%) | 305(33.19%) | 50.91(3)*** |
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| African American | 709(44.85%) | 215(66.15%) | 48(39.34%) | 123(57.21%) | 323(35.15%) | 110.91(6)*** |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 7(.44%) | 2(.62%) | 0(0%) | 1(.47%) | 4(.44%) | 1.55(6) |
| Asian | 113(7.15%) | 12(3.69%) | 11(9.02%) | 13(6.05%) | 77(8.38%) | 9.71(6) |
| European American | 725(45.86%) | 87(26.77%) | 61(50%) | 73(33.95%) | 504(54.84%) | 91.18(6)*** |
| Latina | 67(4.24%) | 16(4.92%) | 4(3.28%) | 9(4.19%) | 38(4.13%) | 2.34(6) |
| Middle Eastern | 36(2.28%) | 5(1.54%) | 3(2.46%) | 6(2.79%) | 22(2.39%) | 2.60(6) |
| Native American/Pacific Islander | 23(1.45%) | 8(2.46%) | 0(0%) | 10(4.65%) | 5(.54%) | 25.56(6)*** |
Note. Cumulative sociodemographic risk is a cumulative measure generated by summing the total number of the following items that were endorsed: teen pregnancy, African-American ethnicity, income less than $15, 000, high school education or less, and living in the center of Detroit. Each group represents all those reporting that racial or ethnic identity, and the χ2 tests for differences between that identity and all others.
*
p < 0.05
**
p< 0.01
***
p < 0.001