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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: JAMA Intern Med. 2015 Feb 1;175(2):196–204. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.5420

Figure 1. Flowchart of Cardiac Arrest Sample Construction.

Figure 1

Codes refer to International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis codes. ALS indicates advanced life support; BLS, basic life support.

a Pickup locations included residence, scene of accident or acute event, skilled nursing facility, and non–skilled nursing facility residential, domiciliary, custodial, or nursing home facility.

b Present on admission status for cardiac arrest is either no or unknown.

c Rural areas are defined as counties that do not meet the metropolitan or micropolitan criteria as defined by the US Bureau of the Census. Metropolitan counties have at least 1 urbanized area of 50 000 or more population, and micropolitan counties have at least 1 urban cluster of at least 10 000 but less than 50 000 population. Both types have adjacent territory that has a high degree of social and economic integration with the core as measured by commuting ties.